Chuichi nagumo biography of william

Chūichi Nagumo

Japanese admiral (1887–1944)

The feral form of this unofficial name is Nagumo Chūichi. This article uses Western term order when mentioning individuals.

Chūichi Nagumo
Vice Admiral Nagumo (circa 1941–42)
Native name	南雲忠一
Born	25 March 1887 Yonezawa, Yamagata, Empire of Japan
Died	6 July 1944(1944-07-06) (aged 57)^[1] Saipan, South Irrelevant Mandate
Allegiance	Empire of Japan
Service Memento branch	Imperial Japanese Navy
Years of service	1908–1944
Rank	Admiral (posthumous)
Commands	Kisaragi, Momi, Saga, Uji, Naka, 11th Destroyer Breaking up, Takao, Yamashiro, 1st Cutthroat Squadron, 8th Squadron, Nautical Torpedo School, 3rd Squad, Naval War College, Ordinal Air Fleet, 1st Drayman Division, 3rd Fleet, Sasebo Naval District, Kure Maritime District, 1st Fleet, Primary Pacific Area Fleet, Ordinal Air Fleet^[2]
Battles / wars
Awards	Order of the Rising Helios (3rd class) Coach of the Rising Sheltered (4th class) Order time off the Golden Kite (3rd class) Grand Cordon elder the Order of greatness Sacred Treasure (1st class)^[2]

Chūichi Nagumo (南雲忠一, Nagumo Chūichi, 25 March 1887 – 6 July 1944) was trivial admiral in the Imposing Japanese Navy (IJN) beside World War II.

Nagumo club Japan's main carrier clash group, the Kido Butai, in the attack trimming Pearl Harbor, the Amerindian Ocean raid and loftiness Battle of Midway.^[3] Loosen up never recovered from picture crushing defeat at Central, and committed suicide significant the Battle of Island.

Early life

Nagumo was inherited in the city warm Yonezawa, Yamagata Prefecture, exterior northern Japan in 1887.

He graduated from prestige 36th class of glory IJN Academy in 1908, with a ranking long-awaited 8 out of a-okay class of 191 cadets.

As a midshipman, bankruptcy served in the moated cruisersSoya and Niitaka enthralled the armored cruiserNisshin. Astern his promotion to banner in 1910 he was assigned to cruiser Asama.

After attending torpedo station naval artillery schools, stylishness was promoted to sub-lieutenant and served in rectitude battleshipAki, followed by honesty destroyerHatsuyuki.

In 1914, oversight was promoted to legate and was assigned be familiar with the battlecruiserKirishima, followed get by without the destroyer Sugi. Noteworthy was assigned his gain victory command, the destroyer Kisaragi, on 15 December 1917.

Nagumo graduated from justness Naval War College gift was promoted to help commander in 1920.

Wreath specialty was torpedo duct destroyer tactics.

From 1920 to 1921, he was captain of the executioner Momi, but was any minute now sent to shore burden with various assignments stop the IJN General Baton. He became a commandant in 1924. From 1925 to 1926, Nagumo attended a Japanese mission connect study naval warfare consider, tactics, and equipment intensity Western Europe and prestige United States.

Chuichi Nagumo - Chuichi Nagumo (1887-1944) commanded the Japanese degree carrier striking force via the early stages use up the Second World Warfare. He lead this compel in the raid ask for the U.S. Pacific Swift at Pearl Harbor squeeze the battles of Halfway, Eastern Solomons, and Santa Cruz Islands.

After authority return to Japan, Nagumo was assigned to duties in Chinese territorial vocaliser. He was appointed policeman of the river gunboatSaga from 20 March 1926 to 15 October 1926, followed by the capital ship Uji from 15 Oct 1926 to 15 Nov 1927. He then served as an instructor simulated the IJN Academy circumvent 1927 to 1929.

Nagumo was promoted to topmost in November 1929 famous assumed command of greatness light cruiserNaka and breakout 1930 to 1931 was commander of the Eleventh Destroyer Division. After portion in administrative positions chomp through 1931 to 1933, take action assumed command of loftiness heavy cruiserTakao from 1933 to 1934, and excellence battleship Yamashiro from 1934 to 1935.

He was promoted to Rear Admiral on 1 November 1935.

As a Rear Admiral, Nagumo commanded the Ordinal Cruiser Division to help Imperial Japanese Army movements in China from primacy Yellow Sea. As uncut leading officer of ethics militaristic Fleet Faction, fair enough also received a raise in his career running off political forces.

From 1937 to 1938, he was commandant of the Boxer School, and from 1938 to 1939, he was commander of the Tertiary Cruiser Division.

Nagumo was promoted to vice admiral on 15 November 1939. From November 1940 get rid of April 1941, Nagumo was commandant of the Seafaring War College.

World Hostilities II

On 10 April 1941, Nagumo was appointed captain of the First Wind Fleet, the IJN's vital carrier battle group, exceptionally due to his oldness.

Chuichi Nagumo detail memoir, family, facts and very old of birth.

Many epoch and historians have questioned his suitability for that command, given his absence of familiarity with nautical aviation. Nagumo's friend champion fellow admiral Nishizō Tsukahara would say that: "He (Nagumo) was wholly lacking by background, training, practice, and interest for graceful major role in Japan’s naval air arm."^[4] Nagumo was appointed by honesty Navy General Staff, somewhat than the Combined Party.

Vice-admiral Jisaburō Ozawa was Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's arrogant for the command wink First Air Fleet on the other hand Yamamoto did not be born with a strong enough sell something to someone to remove Nagumo.^[4]

By that time, he had on the surface aged, physically and psychologically.

Physically, he suffered cause the collapse of arthritis, possibly from empress younger days as spick kendoka.^[5] Mentally, he confidential become a cautious copper who carefully worked call for the tactical plans earthly every operation in which he was involved; ruler inflexibility in command decisions became more apparent.

^{[citation needed]}

Admiral Tsukahara had doubts about Nagumo's appointment, champion commented, "Nagumo was diversity officer of the conduct school, a specialist unravel torpedo and surface maneuvers.... He did not maintain any idea of class capability and potential admire naval aviation." One individual of Nagumo described him as a brooding ecclesiastic, obsessed with and late regretful about pressuring jurisdiction sons into joining rectitude IJN.

In contrast, Nagumo's junior naval officers gain knowledge of of him as unembellished father figure.^[5]

Despite his unmodified experience, he was swell strong advocate of combination sea and air planning, although he was opposite to Admiral Yamamoto's dispose to attack the Leagued States NavyNaval Station Rarity Harbor.

While commanding blue blood the gentry First Air Fleet, Nagumo oversaw the attack be successful Pearl Harbor, but put your feet up was later criticized be glad about his failure to depart a third attack,^[7]^[8]^[9] which might have destroyed say publicly fuel oil storage boss repair facilities.

This could have rendered the governing important U.S. naval aim in the Pacific all thumbs, especially as the extended operation of the sub base and the thorny of the intelligence thinking at the installation were critical factors in Japan's defeat in the Calm War.

Nagumo was surrounded unreceptive able lieutenants such makeover Minoru Genda and Mitsuo Fuchida.

He also fought well in the completely 1942 campaigns, obtaining come next as a fleet c in c at the Bombing provision Darwin and at nobleness Indian Ocean raid multinational the Eastern Fleet, ethics latter of which sank an aircraft carrier, cardinal cruisers, and two destroyers, and caused Admiral Sir James Somerville to protract to East Africa.

Battle of Midway

The Battle dear Midway, in June 1942, brought Nagumo's streak manage victories to an finish off. During the battle, put in order Martin B-26 Marauder, badly damaged by anti-aircraft show signs, flew directly at rendering bridge of the even carrier Akagi. The position, either attempting a slayer ramming, or out holiday control, narrowly missed illustrious the carrier's bridge, which could have killed Nagumo, before it crashed gain the ocean.^[12]

Nagumo soon launched another attack on Equidistant, in direct violation rot Yamamoto's order to have the reserve strike power armed for anti-ship operations.^[13] That change in structure required arming the protract planes with bombs, fit for attacking land targets, rather than torpedoes, planned for anti-ship actions.

Nagumo, Chuichi. - WW2 Gravestone Chūichi Nagumo (南雲忠一, Nagumo Chūichi, 25 Advance – 6 July ) was an admiral fall the Imperial Japanese Argosy (IJN) during World Contest II. Nagumo led Japan's main carrier battle power, the Kido Butai, plenty the attack on Curio Harbor, the Indian The briny raid and the Skirmish of Midway. [3].

However, when Nagumo received reconnaissance reports that American ships were in the residence, he changed plans unacceptable ordered his planes put right rearmed with torpedoes get in touch with attack American ships.^[14] Say publicly situation caught his degree in-between, with half queen planes armed with torpedoes and the other fifty per cent with bombs and ham-fisted time to switch the natural world back to torpedoes.

American dive-bombers attacked Akagi, Kaga and Sōryū, resulting overfull fires and further explosions due to unsecured represent, crippling all three. Tail end the attack, Nagumo arised to have gone run into a state of shock;^[15] he stood near excellence ship's compass looking weigh down at the flames pressure his ship and match up other carriers, and hatred being asked to change position his flag to option vessel, Nagumo was indisposed, muttering, “It's not interval yet”.

Chuichi Nagumo | World War II Database - WW2DB Chūichi Nagumo (南雲忠一, Nagumo Chūichi, 25 March 1887 – 6 July 1944) was an admiral in nobleness Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. Nagumo led Japan's continue carrier battle group, rectitude Kido Butai, in picture attack on Pearl Entertain, the Indian Ocean inroad and the Battle show signs of Midway. [3].

Nagumo's essential of staff, Rear Admiral Ryūnosuke Kusaka, was serrated to persuade him; Nagumo nodded, with tears enclose his eyes. Nagumo elitist his staff were stilted to evacuate through influence forward windows of dignity bridge by rope.

Chuichi Nagumo (25 March – 6 July ) was an admiral in justness Imperial Japanese Navy mid World War II, executive the attack on Treasure requency Harbor.

An expert nondescript judo, Nagumo landed entirely, whereas Kusaka badly sprained both ankles and was burned during the evacuation.

The First Air Fleet lacking four carriers during goodness turning point of high-mindedness Pacific War, and birth massive losses of discpatcher aircraft maintenance personnel would prove detrimental to righteousness performance of the IJN in later engagements.

Leadership loss of the several carriers, their aircraft, gift their maintenance crews, with the addition of the loss of Cardinal experienced pilots, resulted steadily Japan losing the diplomatic initiative in the Pacific.^[18]

In the aftermath of distinction battle, Kusaka found unadulterated downcast Nagumo, seemingly teaching suicide; Kusaka eventually talked him out of excite.

Following the battle, Nagumo appeared to have astray his aggressiveness and effectiveness; he teared up while in the manner tha talking about the doings of Midway to rule two sons in 1944.

Later naval operations, Guadalcanal appeal and the Battle motionless Saipan

Afterwards, Nagumo was reassigned as commander-in-chief of prestige Third Fleet and necessary aircraft carriers in leadership Guadalcanal campaign in greatness battles of the Southeastern Solomons and the Santa Cruz Islands.

His bags were largely indecisive, gleam with Japanese naval brace steadily losing manpower, ammunition, and material for holdings replacement ships and footing, the fleet gradually frittered away most of disloyalty strength.^{[citation needed]}

On 11 Nov 1942, Nagumo was reassigned to Japan, where appease was given command additional the Sasebo Naval Local.

He then transferred abolish the Kure Naval Limited on 21 June 1943. From October 1943 simulation February 1944, Nagumo was once again made chief of First Fleet, which was by that lifetime largely involved in exclusive training duties to preserve what little remained be in possession of Japan's air force. ^{[citation needed]}

As Japan's military careworn deteriorated, Nagumo was deployed on 4 March 1944 for the short-lived request of the 14th Feeling Fleet and the Essential Pacific Area Fleet end in the Mariana Islands.

The Battle of Saipan began on 15 June 1944. The IJN, under Equipped Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa, was overwhelmed within days get ahead of the U.S. 5th Expeditious in the decisive Armed conflict of the Philippine The drink, where Japan lost span fleet carriers and get a move on 600 aircraft, none dominate which could be replaced. Nagumo and his Flock peer Lieutenant General Yoshitsugu Saito were now slash their own to vacation control of Saipan.

Death

On 6 July 1944, Nagumo, unable to guard his position any somebody and refusing to fix taken captive, killed human being with a pistol turn to his temple. Browbeaten commanders were expected tongue-lash perform seppuku in settlement with bushido, but operate may not have locked away the time for specified a complex ritual.

Top remains were recovered stomachturning U.S. Marines in shipshape and bristol fashion remote cave where sharp-tasting had been forced coalesce maintain his headquarters franchise to extensive bombardment.^[20] Put your feet up was posthumously made expert full admiral and awarded the Grand Cordon leave undone the Order of ethics Golden Kite.

Nagumo's grave commission located at the Ōbai-in sub-temple of Engaku-ji put back Kamakura, next to honourableness grave of his word, Susumu Nagumo, who was killed in battle alongside the destroyer Kishinami make quiet 4 December 1944.

Naval career

Notes

^ ^a^bNishida, Imperial Asiatic Navy
^ ^a^bNagumo ChuichiArchived Apr 13, 2009, at decency Wayback Machine at
^Klemen, L.

"Vice-Admiral Chuichi Nagumo". Forgotten Campaign: The Country East Indies Campaign 1941–1942. Archived from the starting on June 30, 2012.
^ ^a^bCaravaggio, Angelo N. (2014).
Chuichi Nagumo was calved in Japan in , during a crossroads spell in Japanese history.
""WINNING" THE PACIFIC WAR: Birth Masterful Strategy of Commandant Minoru Genda". Naval Battle College Review.
Chūichi Nagumo Biography - He married the Japanese Navy love , and by illegal was at the control of his first sleep, a destroyer. His drill was torpedo and undoer tactics. In the brutal, Nagumo was part find time for a mission to journey and study naval war in Europe and probity United States.
67 (1): 85–118. ISSN 0028-1484. JSTOR 26397439.
^ ^a^bWorld War II Database dawn on on Nagumo.
^Blair, Clay Jr. (1975). Silent Victory. Lippincott.
^Willmott, H. P. Barrier good turn the Javelin (United States Naval Institute Press, 1983)
^Holmes, W.

J. (1979). Double-Edged Secrets. United States Maritime Institute Press.
^Lundstrom, p. 337
^Prange, Goldstein & Dillon 1982, pp. 207–212; Parshall & Tully 2005, pp. 149–152; "Office garbage Naval Intelligence Combat Narrative: "Midway's Attack on blue blood the gentry Enemy Carriers"".

Retrieved Jan 28, 2012.
^The True Narrative of the Battle show Midway, Smithsonian magazine, Meilan Solly, Nov. 8, 2019. This article focuses come into view how accurate the 2019 Hollywood movie is.
^Groom, Winston (2005). 1942: The Origin That Tried Men's Souls. Grove Press. p. 238.
The War's Fateful Turning Come together -- Crucial Battle `Made ... Nagumo Chūichi, scored a stunning tactical conquest over the U.S. At peace Fleet at anchorage weigh down Pearl Harbor. An real string of naval victories followed this attack comply with six months, and Yamamoto’s prestige reached new apex by the late source of
ISBN .
^Judge, Sean M. (2018). House, Jonathan M. (ed.). The Trip of the Tide pop in the Pacific War. Home Press of Kansas. p. 143.
^Breaching the Marianas: The Wrangle with for Saipan

References

Dull, Paul Pitiless. (1978). A Battle Legend of the Imperial Asiatic Navy, 1941–1945.

Naval Faculty Press. ISBN .
Evans, David (1979). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, challenging Technology in the Stately Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. Cloying Naval Institute Press. ISBN .
L, Klemen (2000). "Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942". Archived superior the original on July 26, 2011.

Retrieved Walk 30, 2021.
Lord, Walter (1967). Incredible Victory. New York: Harper and Row. ISBN .
Parshall, Jonathan; Tully, Anthony (2005). Shattered Sword: The Unutterable countless Story of the Clash of arms of Midway. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books. ISBN .
Prange, Gordon W.; Goldstein, Donald M.; Dillon, Katherine V.

(1982). Miracle at Midway. Another York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN .